Cone-type synchronizer fob axially



May 18, 1937. 1w. MURRAY Re. 20,373

CONE TYPE SYNCHRQNIZER FOR AXIALLY MOVABLE CLUTCHES ori inal Filed Jflly 12,1926

INVEI-VTOR. fifiward Ill [array Wat ATTORNEY.

Reisoued May 18, 1937 UNITED STATES Re. Z0,373

CONE-TYPE. SYNCHRONI ZEB. FOR AXIALLY MOVABLE CLUTCHES' Howard J. Murray, New York, N. Y., assignor, by

mesne assignments, to Borg-Warner Corporation, Chicago, Ill.,-a corporation of Illinois Original No. 1,853,988, dated Apr-H12, 1932, Serial No. 121,886, July 12, 1926. Application for reissue December 8. 1932, Serial No. 646,333

The invention relates to a synchronizing device for causing a pair of clutch elements, gears or other power transmitting members to approach the same speed just prior to being moved into meshing or. interdriving relation. The invention herein disclosed specifically relates to a synchronizing device for use in those situations where the clutches orgears to be synchronized are moved relative to each other along the same axis of rotation and as an illustration of one situation where a synchronizer of this character is particularly eifective the invention will be described in connection with the coupling of the power shaft with the propeller shaft in the transmission 0215- ing of an automotive vehicle structure in effecting the usual direct driving relation.

- The invention herein disclosed is an improvej ment in the device disclosed in Patent No;

synchronizer in the form of a ring or disk the periphery of which is defined by a split ring so disposed that when the beveled ends of the projections or teeth on the female element of the clutch are brought into bearing engagement with the split ring, it will react on the synchronizer to force the same into clutching engagement with the end of the main or male element of the clutch and in this way provide a frictional drive beween the clutch elements just-prior to their interengaging. In the patented showing the clutching faces are disposed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the clutch members, and accordingly the clutching engagement is of no greater force-than the force which is inherent in the control fork or other power actuated member which moves the female clutch element axially towards the coacting male element.

'I'heprimary object of the present improvement is to provide for a more powerful clutching action between the synchronizer and the member with which it frictionally engages than is possible with the showing in the patented form and at the same tme to retain the advantages inherent inthe structure shown in the patented form. I Broadly, this phase of the invention is attained by the utilizing of a cone form of friction clutch between the synchronizer and one of the clutch elements so that its engagement with its coacting member will be angularly disposed, in-

stead of perpendicularly disposed to the axis of relative movement. In this way. it is proposed to resolve the forces which act to shift the synchronizer axially into two components, one of which will provide fora powerfully acting frictional en.- gagementbetween the synchronizer and its associated element with which it is designed to engage and at the same time to retain a structure which will permit the synchronizer normally to be free to rotate independently of the members to be synchronized until actually mowed into operative position.

In the patented showing, the force for effecting the frictional clutching between the synchronizer and the male gear originated in the manually actuated shifting mechanism and of course was no greater than the manual force applied.

The present disclosure features a simplified means for efiecting a powerful, mechanically actuated clutching action of the synchronizer with its coacting element independent of the force of the manual control and in this respect the disclosure constitutes another-embodiment of the synchronized and for providing a form of connection by means of which the power for efiecting the clutching action is derived from one of saidelements. 7

Another object of the invention is to provide for the release of .the synchronizer from its frictional clutching engagement automatically as the clutch elements are moved into their unclutched or inoperative relation.

Another object of the invention is to provide for the approximate centering of the split ring defining the periphery of the synchronizer in order to prevent accidental displacement of this ring from its associated slot.

Various other'objects and advantages of the invention will be in part obvious from an inspection of the accompanying drawing and in part 7. will be more fully set forth in the following particular description of one form of device embodying my invention, and the invention also consists in certain new and novel features of construction and combination of. parts-hereinafter set fdrth and claimed. I

e tially ofthe shaft.

when the synchronizer is in the position shown In the accompanying drawing,

Fig. l is a view largely in diagrammatic omitline of .parts of the conventional form of power transmission for attaining direct or high speed drive, equipped with a synchronizing device constitutinga preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view through the synchronizer taken on the line 2-2 01 Fig. 1 and looking in the direction indicated by the arrows and Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the cams for shifting the synchronizer.

In the following description and in the claims parts will be identified by specific names for convenience of expression but they are intended to be as generic in their application to similar parts as the art will permit and'the detailed description follows the description in the above identiiied patent to show similarity of corresponding parts.

In the drawing there is shown the usual power shaft III for driving the main gear H and which drives the counter shaft (not shown) through the gear I2. The inner end I3 of the gear II also constitutes an axially fixed element of a mechanical clutch and will be referred vto hereinafter as the driving or male clutch element or jaw. The propeller shaft I4 which aligns with the power shaft I0 is provided with a gear unit I5 keyed thereto and slidable axially along the splines l5 formed on the shaft l4. The inner periphery of the gear unit- I5 is provided with teeth which engage between the splines I6.

The unit I5 includes a coacting clutch element I'I referred to hereinafter as the driven or female clutch element or jaw and into which telescopes the male element I3 as the unit I5 is shifted from right to left of the position shown in Fig. -1 by the controlling mechanism III. The shaft I4 is provided with a reduced end I9 which extends.

axially into the gear II. Antifriction devices 20 are positioned between the reduced end I8 and the inner periphery of the gear II. The portion of the shaft I4 between the ends of the splines I6 and the reduced end I9 provides a smooth cylindrical bearing If at the end of the shaft I4 and between the gear II and the unit I5.

A synchronizer 22 is mounted on this smooth bearing portion 2| for both rotary and a slight freedom of axial movement. is in the form of a ring and will sometimes be. referred to hereinafter as a clutch ring. The connection with the shaft I4 is conveniently-attained by recessing the rear face of the ring to form an annular recess 23 into which extend the adjacent ends of the splines I6.

faces 24 and -25 arranged in pairs circumferen- Thesc cam faces are designed,

in Fig. 1, to engage against correspondingly shaped camming faces 26 defining the inner side of the recess 23.

The synchronizer is normally maintained in the I I position shown in Fig. l by 'means of a coiled seating spring 21 which bears on one side against the forward edge of the synchronizer and on the opposite side bears against the side plate 28 which forms part of the antifriction device -20.- The clutch ring is provided with a periph-' .in thatthe inner end of the main driving gear II ring 36 more particularly identified in Patent No.

beveled ends on the teeth of the female element The synchronizer The ends of the splines. thus housed are inclined alternately in opposite directions so that adjacent splines have their ends beveled and facing each other to form cam of the path of movement of the shifting gear unit,

.escope the synchronizing device and to move into radially out of the groove and beyond the peripheral outline of the clutch ring. when so positioned, the split ring is in the path of movement of the teeth forming the female element II, the free ends of which teeth are shown beveled at 3| as is usual in such constructions. As this ring has a tendency to have its lower side drop out of the groove, it is herein suggested that there be positioned in the groove and within the outline of the spring a split, corrugated centering spring This present showing particularly distinguishes from the showing in the above identified patent is beveled to form a frusto-conical bearing face 33 and similarly the coacting face of the synchronizer ring is formed frusto-conical as shown at 34 and these faces are designed to provide a friction clutch of the cone type, in the instant case having an angle of thirty degrees to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the shaft.

Such a construction will give approximately twice the intensity of frictional engagementas compared to the frictional engagement with the flat faced form .of friction clutch shown in the above identified patent. It is suggested in this embodiment of the invention that the interclutching surfaces be provided with a friction face herein indicated by a removable inset fabric ring 35 in this instance carried by the synchronizer ring rather than by the clutch element as shown in the patent.

In operation it will be understood that the movement of the control mechanism acting on the gear unit either directly or through the cam 1,822,107 will cause the clutch elements provided by the'members I3 and I1 to be moved into and from interengaging position. It will be understood that as the gear unit is shifted to the left from the position shown in Fig. i, it will bring the into bearing engagement with the split ring which at this time will function as a resilient stop and transmit the movement of the-shiftable unit directly on to the shiftable clutch ring and, even in the absence of the cam shifting organization herein disclosed, will cause the clutch ring to be forced into clutching engagement with the conical end of themain'gear. the disclosure which includes the spline camface construction, the shiftable unit in its tendency to hold the synchronizer ring to its own speed which obviously would be difierent from the speed of the main drive gear the cam faces are caused to bear on the inclined faces of the synchronizer ring and thus tend to further force the synchronizer ring into its frictional engagement with the main gear. In either case there is thus provided a frictional drive between the gear I I" and the unit I5 and in this way there is effected a direct frictional drive between the shafts II) and I4. As the unit I5 continues to move to the left it will act on the split ring and contract the same out and in this way permit the female element to teldirect clutching engagement with the male element as is usual in such constructions. The split ring '30 in its tendency to expand while telescoped by the unit I5 will bear on the teeth of the female clutch member l1 and thus assist in holding the jaws in their interclutching position.

In shifting the control fork II to the right in order to effect an unclutching of the elements Considering the form of r there will be exerted sufficient force to overcome the locking eflect of the split'ring in its engagement with the teeth of the female clutch member.- As the sliding unit is moved 'to the right away from the synchronizer the coiled seating spring 21 will react to shift the synchronizer as a whole towards the right and out of its frictional clutching engagement'with the main drive gear and into position interlocked with the beveled ends of the splines.

At the end of the final shifting movement the parts will be restored into the position shown in Fig. 1 and the synchronizing parts will be automatically restored into position so as to become effective when the gear unit I5 is again shifted to effect an intermeshing between the members l3 and i1 forming the clutch.

By means of the improvement herein suggested it is possible to synchronize the speed of the clutch elements and 'cause a subsequent intermeshing without necessity of exerting anything more than a light movement of the controlling mechanism, where such mechanism is manually actuated, and the use of relatively weak machinery where the control mechanism is mechanically actuated.

- This is particularly true where, as in the illustrated showing, the power inherent in the inertia of the relatively movable clutch members to. be

synchronized is utilized for the purpose of eifecting the synchronization.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a transmission, the combination of 'a driving shaft provided with a main gear one end of which constitutes a clutch element and which end is recessed to provide a clutch face of a friction clutch of the cone type, a driven shaft having a reduced end extending axially into the main gear and provided with a longitudinally extending spline terminating in an inclined end to form a' cam and said cam being in spaced relation to the reduced endto provide a cylindrical bearing surface, a gear unit slidable on said spline and provided with a coacting clutch element adapted to be moved in one direction into clutching engagement with the clutch element on the main gear, a synchronizer mounted for rotary movement on said cylindrical bearing surface, provided on one side with a frusto conical face-adapted to engage in the recessed end of the main gear to provide the conical friction clutch, and provided on the other side with a plurality of faces inclined to the-plane of rotation and adapted to coact with the camat the end of the spline to effect a frictional engagement with the main" gear, resilient means tending to move the synchronizertowards the cam on the spline and a control for shifting the unit into engagement with and past the synchronizer, and into clutching engagement with the main gear, and for causing the unit to shift the synchronizer circumferentiall'y and thus cause the cam on the spline to shift the synchronizer axially and into clutching engagement with the main gear. a

2. In a device of the classdescribed, the combination of a shaft, a clutch ring rotatably mounted on the shaft and having a slight freedom of movement into a clutching position,

means controlled by relative rotary movement between the shaft and ring for shifting the ring on the shaft, said clutch ring provided on one side with a frusto-conical face constituting a cl fiching face, a spring'stop carried by the ring normally projecting beyond the outlines thereof, means centering said spring stop concentrically of the axis of said shaft, and a member'shift able on the shaft adapted to engage said stop to cause the clutch ring to move into operative clutching position.

3. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of clutch elements mounted for relative axial movement to and from a clutching position, an anti-friction mounting for one of the elements, a synchronizer for causing the elements to approach the same speed prior to interengaging, said synchronizer provided with -means coacting with one of the elements to provide a friction clutch, and provided with means coacting with the other element to provide a slip clutch, camming means between said last named element and the synchronizer for forcing the syn-- chronizer into its frictional engagement with the coacting element, and a cam reseating spring positioned between and acting to space apart said anti-friction mounting and the synchronizer.

' 4. In a device of'the class described, the combination of a pair of shaftsaxially aligned and each provided with an element of a mechanical clutch, one of said shafts provided with splines on which one of said elements is slidably mounted, a synchronizer positioned between the elements for causing them to approach a common speed before moving into 'intermeshed relation, the ends of alternate splines adjacent the other element being inclined in one direction from edge to edge and the ends of the remaining splines being inclined in the opposite direction, said inclines forming straight edged cams inclined to the plane of rotation of the elements and operatively disposed when the element on the splines is shifted axially to shift the synchronizer axially the other ele ent.

5. In a device of the class described, the combination of a gear, an antifriction mounting for and into a flgttional clutching engagement with said gear, a shaft extending axially relative to the gear and journalled in. said anti-friction mounting, a gear unit slidable on said shaft and adapted to be moved into intermeshed engagement with said gear, a synchronizer between the gear and the gear unit for causing them to approach a common speed, means for moving the synchronizer into a frictional clutching engagement with the gear and a spring positioned between said antifriction mounting and the synchronizer tending to move the synchronizer in a a reverse direction axially along the shaft and into unclutched position.

6. In a transmission, the combination of -a driving shaft provided with a main gear one end of which constitutes a clutch jaw, a driven shaft extending axially of the main gear, a gear unit slidable on the driven shaft'an'd including a co acting clutch jaw adapted to be moved in one direction into engagement withthe main gear jaw, a clutch ring having a beveled end movable into clutching engagement with the adjacent end,

of the main gear, said clutch ring provided with a peripheral groove, a split ring positioned in said groove and normally projecting therefrom, means for centering the ring in its groove, said ring disposed in the path of movement of the gear unit as it is moved towards the main gear whereby the continued movement of the gear unit towards its clutching engagement with the main gear will shift the clutch ring into bearing engagement with the main gear and thus'cause the shafts to approach the same speed prior to their interengaging through the jaws on the gear unit and main gear. Y J

7. In a device of the class described, the comeating said spring stop approximately concentric of the axis of rotation of the power members.

8. In a device of the class described, the combination of a positive clutch including a pair of laws mounted for relative axial movement to and from an interdriving position, a synchronizer for causing the jaws to approach the same speed prior to interengaging, a split ring constituting a spring catch forming part of the synchronizer for securing the jaws in their interclutching position, and means for centering the split ring.

9. In a power transmissioma composite clutch comprising a jaw clutch element having an annular row of outwardly radially extending gearlike teeth and a friction clutch element having a friction surface, said row of teeth and friction clutchsurface disposed with the former encircling the latter, a spline shaft and axially movable jaw clutch element having teeth extending radially inwardly adapted to interlock with the gearlike teeth of its companion, an axially movable friction .disc having projections disposed in a trough between a pair of the splines of the shaft and directly driven thereby, said disc provided with a conical friction surface adapted to engage ,the friction surface of its companion by projection within the confines of the toothed portion of said jaw clutch element, said disk being disposed between the annular row of gear-like teeth and the axially movable jaw clutch element and provided with means adapted to permit passage of the teeth on the axially movable jaw clutch element and said disk having a slight freedom of rotary movement about the shaft to cause a and having clutch teeth and a friction clutch surface, a shiftable power transmission element having clutch teeth for connecting the gear to the shaft and having a recess formed therein, a

- the splines of the shaft and with a conical friction face radially spaced from its. inner perimeter for coacting with the friction surface on the gear,

and to form a spring engaging surface between the inner periphery and the friction face, a spring bearing on said surface, said friction disk disposed between the gear and the shiftable element for synchronizing the speed of said gear and said shiftable element, said friction device provided with a projection adapted to be received in the recess of the shiftable element to permit shifting of the shiftable element past the friction device and into driving engagement with the gear and means for shifting the shiftable gear and for causing the friction device to function. I

11. In a device of the class described, the combination of a shaft, a power member mounted for rotary movement about the axis of the shaft, said power member provided with a ring-like extension radially spaced from the shaft to provide an annular clearance between the, extension inoperative position forms an element of a cone type friction clutch and the other periphery of and shaft, oneperiphery of which extension when which is provided with teeth forming a clutch I member, a synchronizing mechanism for causing the shaft and power member to approach the same speed, said mechanism including a ringlike member carried by the shaft, turning therewith and provided with a'surface adapted to coact with the said friction element to form a friction clutch of the cone type, said ring-like member designed to provide a clearance facing the teeth of -the power member and a slide mem- .ber turning with the shaft provided with a shift finger receiving slot and on one side of said slot with teeth forming a clutch member at one end to be moved from said neutral position towards the power member to cause the clutch member on the advancing end to pass across sai'dclear f ance and thus by-pass the ring-like to engage the teeth' on the power ember and mberand' I means operable in one direction for shiftin'g the slide member and for causing the synchronizing mechanism to become operative.

12. In a device of the class described, the com bination of two rotative members adapted'to be connected to drive one from the other, one of said members comprising a splineshaft and the other a power gear mounted for rotary movement about the axis of the shaft, said gear provided with teeth forming an element of a positive clutch and-provided with a bevel surface constituting an element of a friction cone clutch, synchronizing means for causing the two members to approach the same speed before they are disposed in their interdriving relation through said positive clutch, said means including asynchronizer, and having extensions from its inner I perimeter fitting between the splines of the shaft.

provided with a bevel surface constituting the coacting element of the friction cone clutch, a shift member provided with teeth forming the coacting element of the-positive clutch, splined' to the shaft to turn therewith and shiftable longitudinally thereon to and from an operative en-- gagement with the synchronizer, the bevel friction cone clutch surface on the synchronizer being radially spaced from the path of movement of the teeth on the shift member and means operable as an incident of the shifting of the shift member towards the synchronizer to cause the friction clutch to frictionally connect the shaft and power gear and the teeth of the shift member adapted ,to pass the synchronizer to engage the teeth of the power gear to inter-connect the members following the functioning of said synchronizing means.

13. Thecombination of two coaxial power transmitting members adapted to be positively coupled in driving relation, a friction and toothed positive coupling element fixed to one member, separate friction and positive elements in torque transmitting connection with and axiallymovable on the other member adapted to be engaged and disengaged with the companion elements on themars tive element to by-pass the friction. element and engage the teeth of its companion, a spring bearing on the slidably mounted friction element tending to force it away from its companion, a 'deflectable elastic device arranged to produce frictional contact between said axiallymovable friction and positive elements during the movement of the positive element toward engagement with its companion so as to effect engagement.

ofthe friction elements prior to interlocking of the positive elements, and means yieldablycentering said elastic device with respect to the axis en aged with the companion elements on the first mentioned member, means tending to maintain the friction elements separated from each other, said vslidably mounted friction element fashionedwith all parts thereof offset from the path of movement of the slidable positive element thereby to permit the slidable positive element to by-pass the friction element and en-, gage the teeth of its companion, the friction face of said slidable element having a portion thereof extending at an angle to a plane perpendicular to the common axis of said members, a deflectable elastic device arranged to produce frictional contact between said axially movable friction and positive elements during the movement of the positive element toward engagement with its companion so as to eifect engagement of the friction elements prior to interlocking of-the positive elements, said elastic friction element comprising an elastic ring supported on theiaxially movable friction element radially spaced from said other member and disposed in position to be engaged and deflected by'the teeth of the axially movable positive element during their passage across the friction element towards engagement with the teeth of the companion positive element, and means centering said elastic device with respect to the axis of said axially movable friction and positive elements.

15. In a device of the class described, the combination of a shaft, a gear mounted for rotary movement about the axis of the shaft, an antifriction bearing for mounting the gear on the shaft, said gear provided with a ringlike extension projecting from one side and providing a space between the same and the shaft, said ringlike extension provided with an element of a friction clutch and an element of a positive clutch, a slide member driven from the shaft and provided with the coacting element of the positive clutch, means for synchronizing the gear and shaft, said means including an annular member provided with an outer part lapping the end of the ringiike extension and an inner part projecting into said space and joumalled on the shaft, and control means operatively connected'to the slide member and synchronizing means to cause engagement of the friction clutch elements thereby to connect the shaft and gear frictionally and combination of a spline shaft, a gear mounted for rotary movement about the of the shaft, an anti-friction bearing for mounting the gear 7 on the shaft, said gear provided with a ring-like extension projecting from one side and providing a space between the same and theshaft, said ring-like extension provided with an element of a friction clutch and an element of a positive clutch-a slide member driven from the shaft and providedwiththe coacting element of the posiive clutch, means for synchronizing. the gear and shaft, said means including an annular member provided with an outer part lapping the end of the ring-like extension and an inner part projecting into. said space and keyed to be driven p from the shaft, and control means operatively connected to the slide member and synchronizing means to cause engagement ofthe friction clutch elements thereby to connect the shaft .and gear frictionally and then to cause the engagement of the positive clutch elements to connect the shaft and gear positively, and resilient means acting on the synchronizing means in a tendency to separate the friction elements.

, 17..In a power transmission mechanism, the Q combination of a spline shaft, a gear member clutch between the shaft and said gear member,

a disk-like friction clutch element having its inner perimeter riding on the splines of the shaft and provided with diametrically extending projections engaged by the splines of the shaft whereby the shaft rotates the disk through said projections and said disk provided with a conical friction surface for engagi with the friction iii-face on the gear member to provide a friction drive between the shaft and gear member.

18. In a device of the class described, the combination of a shaft provided with splines, a power member mounted for rotary movement about the axis of the shaft and provided with an element of a positive clutch and an-element ofa friction clutch, a slide member" keyed to the shaft to turn therewith, and provided with the coacting element of the positive clutch, annular synchronizing means between said power member andsaid slide member for frictionally connecting the shaft and power member and provided with the coacting element of the friction clutch, means engaging the slide member for actuating the synchronizing means and for moving the positive clutch elements into interengagement, said synchronizer provided with extensions projecting radially from its inner periphery and projecting into the spaces between a pair of the splines of the shaft whereby the rotary movement of the shaft acts to turn the synchronizer therewith and a spring engaging the side-of the synchronizer facing the power member and'positioned close to the shaft and 6, shift to turn therewith, and provided with the 'coactlng element of the positiveclutch, annular synchronizing means between said power member and said slide member for frictionally connecting the shaft and power member and provided with the coacting element of the friction clutch, means tending normally to maintain the friction clutch in an inoperative, unclutched position, said synchronizer provided with extensions projecting radially from its inner periphery and projecting into the spacesbetween a' pair of the splines of the shaft whereby the rotary movement of the shaft acts to turn the synchronizer therewith, a manually controlled shift rod, means including a cushioning connection between the shift rod and synchronizing means for resiliently causing the friction clutch to be moved into its clutching position and actuated from said shift rod in a timed sequence following the actuation of the friction clutch for'causing said positive clutch to function.

20. In a device of the class described, the combination of a shaft, a power member mounted for rotary movement about the axis of the shaft and provided with an element of a positive clutch drive'and with an element of a conical friction clutch drive, a coacting element of the positive clutch drive connected to the shaft to turn therewith and movable axially thereof to and from its engagement with its companion, a coacting conical friction clutch element in the form of a light ring having a relatively large internal diameter compared to its external diameter, having rotary and axial movement relative to its companion and camming 'means located within the outlines of its internal diameter and operatively responsive to relative rotary movement between the coacting friction clutch element and the shaft for causing said axial movement and thus causing the conical clutch to become 'operative.

21. In a device of the class described, the combination of a power member provided with an element of a positive clutch and an element of a friction clutch, mechanism mounted. for rotary movement about the axis of the power member and including a spline shaft a coacting element of the positive clutch and a coacting element of the friction clutch both riding on the splines of the shaft, said coacting elements be- -ing independently movable axially into clutching engagement. with their companions, camming means with one element thereof formed directly on the shaft and its coacting element formed on the coacting friction element axially ofl'set from the portion thereof which rides on the shaft, said camming means being operatively responsive to the tendency of the coacting friction element to rotate relative to 'the shaft when in friction engagement with the first named friction clutchelement for causing the friction clutch elements to'increase their frictional engagement.

22. In a device of the class described the combination of a power member provided with an extension having gear-like teeth constituting an element of a positive clutchand having a beveled surface located radially inwardly of said teeth constituting an axially fixed element of a conical friction clutch, a mounting member turnin'g about the axis of .the power member and provided with an element of a cam, a

coacting friction clutch element turning with the mounting'member and provided with themteeth, a slide member directly"engaging and turning with the mounting member and provided with the coacting element of the positive clutch adapted to telescope the teethon said power member extension and means acting on the slide member to bring the friction clutch elements together and thento bring the positive clutch elements into interdriving engagement.

23. In a device of the class. described, a shaft, a power transmittingmember loose on' the shaft, said power transmitting member provided with a ring-like extension on one face thereof having teeth on one periphery and a conoidal friction surface on, the other periphery, a jaw clutch member slidably keyed to the shaft and provided with teeth spaced away'from said shaft and constructed and arranged to telescope the teeth on said extension and to intermesh therewith, adisk-like member centered on the shaft like extension when in frictional engagement therewith, means for shifting axially the disklike member and the slidable jaw clutch member comprising connecting means movable initially in unison with the axial movement of said'jaw clutch member while approaching its companion.

24.. In a device of the class described, the combination of a shaft; provided with splines and with a smoothbearing, a power member loose on said bearing and provided on one side with a ring-like extension having teeth on one pcriphery and a friction face on its other periphery constituting an element of a conical friction clutch encircled by -said teeth and located radially inwardly thereof, synchronizing'mechanism for causing the member and'shaft to approach the same speed, said mechanism including a ring of greater thickness of material adjacent the shaft than at its outer edge portion, said ring being shiftableaxially of the shaft.- turning therewith and including an inner perimeter and an outwardly extending part having one face beveled and constituting the coacting element of the friction clutch, said outwardly extending portion adapted to project substantially within the confines of said ring-like extension to engage with said friction face a shift member engaging the splines on the shaft and having a peripheral slot, means acting to cause the synchronizing mechanism to function, and

. teeth on the gearto provide a positive drive between the power member and the shaft through said shift member, said ring being spaced from the path of movement of the teeth on the shift member thereby to permit the teeth to pass the synchronizer and cammlng means acting on the synchronizer ring at its inner periphery for forcing the coacting element of the friction clutch into engagement with the friction face on the extension of the power member.

25. In a multiple speed automobile transmission, the combination of two axially aligned shafts, one constituting the normal driving shaft and the other constituting the normal driven shaft of the transmission, mechanism providing in sequence of operation a conical clutch type of frictional drive and then a positive type of clutch drive between the two shafts, the driving shaft provided at'its inner end with an enlarged portion forming a main gear and having a reduced end of the driven shaft contained therein,- anti-friction means disposed between said reduced end and the portion of the main gear surrounding the same, the portion of the driven shaft adjacent the reduced end provided with splines, the inner end of said enlarged portion beyond the part forming the main gear forming a ring-like extension, said extension provided with a set of outwardly facing gear-like clutch teeth forming an axially'flxed element of the positive clutch drive and said extension also provided with a conical surface forming an axially fixed element of the friction clutch drive, an ax ially shiftable ring provided with a conical face forming the coacting element of the friction clutch drive, said ring being intergeared with the portion of the driven shaft provided with splines thereby to turn therewith, said ring being partially intruded within the ring-likevextension and shiftable axially on the shaft to and from its frictional clutching engagement with its flxed companion on the extension, an axially shiftable ring-like member forming the coacting element of the positive clutch drive, encircling and operatively connected to turn with the driven shaft and adapted to telescope the extension but not the main gear, and provided with a set of inwardly facing gear-like teeth radially spaced from the driven shaft and adapted to mesh with the set of teeth on the extensiomresilient means 4 carried by the shiftable friction clutch element normally projecting externally outwardly therefrom and providing a give-away stop between the teeth of the positive shiftable clutch element and the shiftable friction clutch element, manually actuated control means directly engaging said positive slidable clutch'element and acting during an initial part of its movement in one direction to move the positive clutch element ing and positive tooth clutch engagement with 1 its companion.

26. In a multiple speed automobile transmission, the combination of two axially aligned shafts, one constituting the normal driving shaft and the other constituting the normal driven shaft of the transmission, mechanism providing in sequence of operation a conical clutch type of the inner end of said enlarged portion beyond the part forming the main gear formed with a ring-'liir extension, said extension provided with a set of outwardly facing gear-like clutch teeth forming an axially fixed element of the-positive clutch drive, and said extension also provided with a conical surface forming an axially fixed element of the friction clutch drive, an axially shiftable ring provided with a conical face forming the co-acting element of the friction clutch drive, said ring being intergeared with the portion of the driven shaft provided with splines thereby to turn therewith, that portion of said ring having said conical face being adapted to extend beyond the plane of the outermost end of said extension and to register with said conical surface on said extension, and said ring being bodily shiftable axially on the shaft to and from its frictional'clutching engagement with its fixed companion on said extension, an axially shiftable ring-like member forming the co-acting element of the positive clutch drive, said last named member encircling and operatively connected to turn with the driven shaft and adapted to telescope the extension but not the main gear, and provided with a set of inwardly facing gearlike teeth radially spaced from the driven shaft and adapted to mesh with the set of teeth on the extension, resilient means carried by the shiftable friction clutch element normally proiecting externally outwardly therefrom and providing a give-away stop between the teeth of the positiveshiftable clutchelement and the friction clutch element, manually actuated control means directly engagin said positive slidable clutch element and acting during an initial part of its movement in one direction to move the positive clutch element toward its clutching position to. act through the stop and to shift the shiftable friction clutch element into its clutching position until stopped by the fixed friction clutch element, and means operatve on the further advance of the shiftable positive clutch element to move the stop inwardly toward the driven shaft and into an inoperative position within the shiftable friction clutch element and thus permit the positive clutch element to move still further and into its telescoping and positive tooth clutch engagement with its companion.

HOWARD J. MURRAY. 

